Snowden, D. 1999. Three Metaphors, two stories and a picture - how to build common understanding in Knowledge Management Programmes. Knowledge Management Review March/April.
Snowden makes the point that the most effective knowledge management programs are created not by constructing detailed instructions and procedures, but by growing a simple set of meaningful values and beliefs -- such as can be expressed by three metaphors, two stories and a picture.

Snowden, D. 1999. Story telling for the capture and communication of tacit knowledge. Business Information Review (1 of 2).
"Stories exist in all organisations; managed and purposeful story telling provides a powerful mechanism for the disclosure of intellectual or knowledge assets in companies. It can also provide a non-intrusive, organic means of producing sustainable cultural change; conveying brands and values; transferring complex tacit knowledge."

Skok, W. Knowledge Management: London Taxi Cabs Case Study. 1999. Paper presented at Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Special Interest Group on Computer Personnel Research (SIGCPR) 1999 New Orleans.