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Making information technology accessible to the largest possible population of users has become a significant aspect of application and system development. Providing accessibility involves designing and modifying technology to make it accessible to users who would otherwise be unable to use it. This has become a growing element of the design process, due to government mandates as well as business considerations. Hardware and software assistive technologies have opened the Web to users with disabilities, though considerable work still needs to be done in order to achieve the goal of end-to-end accessibility for all users. This issue contains 13 papers on architectures, tools, applications, and assistive technologies designed to increase accessibility for diverse user groups.
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Introduction
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Paul Horn, Senior Vice President, Research Division and Frances West, Director, Worldwide Accessibility Center, Research Division
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Preface
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Sara Basson, Vicki Hanson, Michael Strack, John J. Ritsko, and David I. Seidman
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p. 443
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Architecture and accessibility
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Accessibility requirements for systems design to accommodate users with vision impairments
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P. Brunet, B. A. Feigenbaum, K. Harris, C. Laws, R. Schwerdtfeger, and L. Weiss
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p. 445
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Designing software architectures to facilitate accessible Web applications
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D. Hoffman, E. Grivel, and L. Battle
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p. 467
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An architecture and applications for speech-based accessibility systems
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M. Turunen, J. Hakulinen, K.-J. Räihä, E.-P. Salonen, A. Kainulainen, and P. Prusi
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p. 485
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Tools
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Evaluating accessibility by simulating the experiences of users with vision or motor impairments
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J. Mankoff, H. Fait, and R. Juang
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p. 505
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Managing usability for people with disabilities in a large Web presence
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M. King, J. W. Thatcher, P. M. Bronstad, and R. Easton
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p. 519
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A proposed architecture for integrating accessibility test tools
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P. Englefield, C. Paddison, M. Tibbits, and I. Damani
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p. 537
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Individual learning styles and needs
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Are guidelines enough? An introduction to designing Web sites accessible to older people
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S. Milne, A. Dickinson, A. Carmichael, D. Sloan, R. Eisma, and P. Gregor
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p. 557
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Improving Web accessibility through an enhanced open-source browser
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V. L. Hanson, J. P. Brezin, S. Crayne, S. Keates, R. Kjeldsen, J. T. Richards, C. Swart, and S. Trewin
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p. 573
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Accessibility, transcription, and access everywhere
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K. Bain, S. Basson, A. Faisman, and D. Kanevsky
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p. 589
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Universal access to ambient intelligence environments: Opportunities and challenges for people with disabilities
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P. L. Emiliani and C. Stephanidis
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p. 605
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Applications and assistive technologies
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A mouse adapter for people with hand tremor
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J. L. Levine and M. A. Schappert
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p. 621
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Personalization, interaction, and navigation in rich multimedia documents for print-disabled users
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H. L. Petrie, G. Weber, and W. Fisher
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p. 629
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Semantic triage for increased Web accessibility
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S. Harper and S. Bechhofer
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p. 637
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