Cited references and notes

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18. A visual composition is a graph, rather than a tree, because the children might be related to each other, and one child may have multiple parents.
19. See more at http://www.research.ibm.com/RIA/Improvise/Improvise.htm.
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27. P. Wildbur and M. Burke, Information Graphics: Innovative Solutions in Contemporary Design, Thames & Hudson, London (1998).
28. For simplicity, if a picture object contains more than one visual/data object, we treat it as one complex visual/data object.
29. The composition relation within a picture object is the visual/data composition relation between the visual/data object and its children.
30. The visual/data structure feature is excluded here, since it is already implied by the structure of the PVGraph and the PDGraph.
31. R. Duda and P. Hart, Pattern Classification and Scene Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York (1973).
32. See http://www.xmlspy.com.
33. R. Harris, Information Graphics: A Comprehensive Illustrated Reference, Management Graphics, Minneapolis, MN (1996).
34. In fact it is common to use the same visual cue to encode the same type of data for different data instances to achieve visual consistency. But it causes visual confusion if the same cue is used for two different types of data.