Referees are a vital part of the process of selecting a paper for publication. As with many other professional journals, the authors' peers review the manuscript of each paper being considered for the IBM Systems Journal. Three or more referees evaluate the manuscript, and usually at least one referee is not affiliated with IBM. The editors rely heavily on the referees' recommendations in deciding on whether a paper should be published. Referees also review essays, technical notes, and technical forum articles.

Referees voluntarily contribute their time and expertise to review a manuscript. They consider its validity, its value to our readers, the quality of the presentation, and how the manuscript might be improved for publication. Reviews are given anonymously to authors so that referees can be candid with the extremely valuable advice they offer about manuscripts. The intent of this procedure is to promote objectivity, but the recognition referees receive for their contribution is thus limited.

Because the role of the referee is an important factor in determining whether a paper meets the criteria of the Journal, we periodically express our appreciation publicly to the referees. On behalf of our authors and readers, the editors sincerely thank the referees listed below, who completed reviews from March 1997 through March 2001. We apologize to any referee who may have been inadvertently omitted.

Gregory D. Abowd Mark Ackerman Sudeshna Adak Sam Adams Rakesh Agrawal Mustaque Ahamad Virgil Albaugh Cedell Alexander Verna Allee Sheila Allen Shai Almog Lisa Amini Ross Anderson Miguel Andrade Rock Angier Dan Archdeacon Timothy J. Arndt Jeff Augen David Avison Maribeth Back David F. Bacon Vito Baggiolini Jeffrey Scott Bardsley William H. Bares Mike Baskey Len Bass Randy Baxter Jill Beck Richard Beckwith Lee J. Beeley Steve Bello Tom Bellwood Charles Bennett Charles Berghorn Kumar Bhaskaran Julianne Bielski Joseph P. Bigus Mark Billinghurst Carl Binding Burnie Blakely Mike Boatwright Kathy Bohrer David Boloker Charles Boncelet Charles Bontempo Joan Boone Gerald Borrelli Ronald Bostick Jack Boyce Albert Bradley Peter J. Brown Amy Bruckman Mark Bruno James Brzoska Peter Buhler Dov Bulka Rick Bunt Ilene Burnstein Roosevelt Bynum, Jr. Guanjun Cai John Callahan Christopher S. Campbell Murray Campbell Antonio Camurri James Carey Brent Carlson John Carter Andrea Casey Carmine Castaldo Gulcu Ceki Joyce Chai John Chan Victor Chan Sekar Chandersekaran John Chapin Siddhartha Chatterjee Shuang Chen Shyh-Kwei Chen Pau-Chen Cheng Elliot Chikofsky Michele Chilanti George Chiu Nadia Chuzhanova Ken Coar Simona Cohen Andrew Cohill Mark Colan Dave Collins Jim Colson Michael Connor Paul Conte Jim Cook John Cook James W. Cooper Don Coppersmith Richard Corak Tom Corbi James Cortada Nurcan Coskun Phil Coulthard Jonathan Crabtree Gillian Crampton-Smith Terence Critchlow Danny Cron Martha Crosby Bruce Crossman Jeff Crume Francisco Curbera Bryce A. Curtis Ron K. Cytron Robert Dahle Henrik Danholt Cataline Danis Patrick Dantressangle Rajarshi Das Andrew Davies Mark Day Peter Day Wim De Pauw Jeffrey Dean Roger Dean Mourad Debabbi David W. Deerfield Maria DeGiglio Joe DeRusso III David DeWitt Michael F. DiAngelo Donna Dillenberger David M. Dilts Robert Dimpsey Mahesh Dodani George Dolan Francisco Domingues Jack Dongarra

Patricia Douglas Clemens Drews D. Christopher Dryer Robert DuCharme Arnauld Ducruix Alistair Duguid Paul Duguid Jozo J. Dujmovic Greg Dyck Barbara Eckman Dave Ehnebuske Howard Ehrlichman Ingvar Eidhammer Catherine Eilert Christopher Eisbach Bryan Ellington Jeffrey Elliott Kuo-Chin Fan David Zhiwu Fang Joel Farrell Willy Farrell David Feeny Barry Feigenbaum Sidney Fels Norman Fenton Martin Ferguson John Fetvedt Steve Fink David Fisher Ephraim Flint Aris Floratos Gert Florijn BJ Fogg Dick Foltz Anthony G. Francis Michael Franz John Frazer Jay Friedman Christopher Fry Brian Gaines Dipayan Gangopadhyay Simson Garfinkel Philip Garofolo Allen N. Garroway Brian Gaucher Guido Geerts Rosario Gennaro Sanjay Ghemawat Tanguy Gilmont Mike Gilpin Tom Gindin Karen Godfrey Robert Goldberg Kelvin Goodson Jesse Gordon Karl Gottschalk Paul Gover Steve Grabaritz Steve Graham Saul Greenberg Richard A. Gregory Steven Gribble Michael Gribskov Martin L. Griss Jonathan Grudin Dan Gruen Roberto Guerrieri Rich Guski Laura Haas Thomas Hackett Brent Hailpern Nagui Halim Geoffrey Hambrick Don Hameluck Vicki L. Hanson Salim Hariri Eric Harley Bill Harrison Reece Hart Eric Hazen Teresa Head-Gordon Marti Hearst George Heineman Randy Heisch Stuart Henderson Andy Heninger Paul M. Hildreth Debby Hindus Shinichi Hirose Julia Hirschberg Urs Hoelzle H. James Hoover Nigel Horspool Barron Housel Russ Housley Liang Hsu Richard Hughey Kitty Hung Dirk Husemann George Hutfilz Roger Hutt Bertrand Ibrahim Hiroyuki Iida Paul Immanuel David Ing Valerie Jackson Mike Jacobs Trent Jaeger Anil K. Jain Johanna Jansen Joseph Jasinski Kevin Jeffay Eric H. Jenney Robert Jernigan Christopher R. Johnson Neil F. Johnson Steve Johnson Verlyn Johnson David Jonassen Matthias Kaiserswerth David L. Kaminsky Marc Kaplan John Karat Paul A. Karger Ahmed Karmouch Vipul Kashyap Richard Kaufman Rick Kazman Rudolf K. Keller Wendy Kellogg Alfonse Kemper

Don Kersch Steven Ketchpel J. Khaslavsky Chris Kimble Roger King Les Klimczak Akio Koide Ravi Konuru Larry Koved George Kraft Mukkai Krishnamoorthy Tom Kristek Geoff Kuenning D. Richard Kuhn Robin Kullberg Deepa Kundur Yannis Labrou Jennifer Lai Jim Lanuti Jim Lardear Craig Latta Kelvin Lawrence James Levine Leon S. Levy Paul Lewis Frank Leymann Chung-Sheng Li Chung-Ti Liang Alvin Lim Hung-Yu Lin Kwei-Jay Lin Tim Lindholm Mark Linehan Ralph Linsker Seth Lloyd Tom Love Mark Lucente Teresa Lunt Sheng Ma Robert Mack Dave Makower Susan Malaika Dahlia Malkhi Munir Mandviwalla Steve Mann Dennis Manzer Joseph Marks Pat Martin Sarka Martinez S. Mike Matyas Robert Mays Derek McAuley Ross McKendrick Gerry McKiernan John Meegan Jim Melton Robert Mercer Marc Meyer Satoru Miyano Bamshad Mobasher Rakesh Mohan Ajay Mohindra Leora Morgenstern Norishige Morimoto Paul Moskowitz Thomas Mowbray Bodhi Mukherjee Steve Munroe Sridhar Muppidi Anthony Nadalin Chandra Narayanaswami Gavin Naylor E. Dwayne Nelson Clifford Neuman Peter G. Neumann Peter Niblett Henrik Frystyk Nielsen Louise Nielsen Glenn Nitchie Claire Normand Richard Noss Sharon Nunes Diana Oblinger Kenneth Ocheltree Pat O'Conner Jack Odom Gary Olsen Mark Ominsky Modest Oprysko Patricia Orlosky Kerry Ortega Michael Oudshoorn Aris M. Ouksel Joseph Paradiso Laxmi Parida Joon S. Park Rares Pateanu William R. Pearson Elin Ronby Pedersen Stephen Perelgut Richard A. Picone Alan Pita Emily Plachy Catherine Plaisant Daniel Platt Sara Porat Thomas E. Potok Jeffrey S. Poulin Mark Pozefsky Gurpur Prabhu VijayaBalaji Prasanna Jan Prins Rob Prins David Pullin Thierry Pun Bernie Rackmales Bhuvana Ramabhadran John Rankin Mark Reaney Richard Redpath John Reinitz Jim Rhyne Otto Ritter Dave Roberts Karen Rosengren Greg Russell Joann Ruvolo David Safford Omesh Sahni

Airi Salminen Susana A. Sanchez Raul Sanchez-Reillo Peter Santhanam Ugis Sarkans Lori Scarlatos Andreas Schade Matthieu Schapira Leona Schauble Jocelyn C. Scheirer Tamar Schlick David Schlosser Mike Schlosser Chris Schmandt William J. Schmidt David Schneider Karl Schopmeyer Len Schubert David Scott Carolyn B. Seaman Richard B. Segal Ted Selker George Semler Roger Sessions Gary Sevitsky Cyrus Shahabi Michael Shank Geoff Sharman Mark Sherwood Rajjan Shinghal Leon Shklar Ben Shneiderman Tom Shore Ignacio Silva-Lepe Julia Sime Ian Simmonds Ajit Singh Munindar Singh Ian Skerrett Jeffrey Skolnick Derek Sleeman Tim Sloane John R. Smith Marvin Solomon Elliot Soloway Frank Soltis Roland Somogyi Eugene Spafford Robert Spekman Jim Spohrer Harini Srinivasan Gary Stager Thad Starner Robert Steinbugler Maryrita Steinhour Markus Stolze Tony Storey Donald Streicher Carol Strohecker Erik Strommen Diane M. Strong Derek Studanski Stephanie Sussman John Sweitzer John G. Taylor Alice ter Meulen William Tetzlaff John C. Thomas Roshan Thomas Doug Tidwell Minoru Toda David Toll Naoko Tosa Paul Totta Gregg Townsend Larry Trollope William A. Tulskie Jamal Tuqan Jacob Ukelson Amin Vahdat Els Van Herreweghen Jamshid Vayghan Juan Velasquez Bill Venners Clark Verbrugge Bill Verplank Duc Vianney Giuseppe Visaggio Mahesh Viswanathan John Vlissides Robert Von Gutfeld Nina Wacholder Vance Waddle Ashley Walker Malcolm D. Walkinshaw Diane Walz Richard Y. Wang Yongge Wang Roy Want Michael J. Ward Brian D. Watt Carolyn Watters Alan Webb Shahani Markus Weerawarana Suzanne Weghorst Andrew B. Whinston Sheldon White Kelly Whitmill Steve Whittaker Charles Wiecha Dean Williams Raymond Williams Terry Winograd May Wone Lim Soon Wong Tom Wrensch Thomas Wu Youfeng Wu Peter Wyckoff Chenhong Xia Ying Xu Bennett S. Yee Bob M. Yelavich Peter Yocom John A. Zachman John Zeleznikow Tong Zhang Nianjun Zhou Thomas Zimmerman Benjamin G. Zorn