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New approaches to applications, tools for parallelization, and architectures exemplified by the Blue Gene/L system have allowed massively parallel systems to address an increasingly broad range of applications. Topics for this diverse issue include molecular dynamics, geophysical imaging, drug discovery, quantum chromodynamics, nuclear fusion, neuron modeling, climate simulation, turbulence, and an introduction to the new Blue Gene/P architecture.
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Radiation can cause transistors to change their state and induce soft errors in computers. As transistor density and performance of CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) devices increase, the reduced transistor size and low-power operation of the devices require that greater emphasis be placed on the understanding and control of soft errors in devices, circuits, and final system applications. The nine papers in this issue highlight the current understanding of the soft error rate (SER) in CMOS devices, circuits, and servers. The role of alpha-particles (helium nuclei), mitigation strategies, physics-based nuclear models, device design, treatment of experimental data, and strategies for reducing SERs in complex servers are described and reviewed.
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Since the first publication of the IBM Journal of Research and Development in 1957 and the IBM Systems Journal in 1962, these Journals have provided descriptions and chronicles of many important advances in information technology and related topics ranging from atoms to business solutions. To celebrate the 50th anniversary of the IBM Journals, this report highlights a selection of significant papers published in the Journals, along with brief commentaries. The Journal editors chose papers which were very highly cited in the technical literature, described technologies of historic significance, or provided an important overview of a field.
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